| 祝浩东.中药传统黑膏药的发展历史及制法研究[J].浙江中医药大学学报,2021,45(5):537-541. |
| 中药传统黑膏药的发展历史及制法研究 |
| Development History and Preparation Method of Traditional Chinese Medicine Black Plaster |
| DOI：10.16466/j.issn1005-5509.2021.05.019 |
| 中文关键词: 黑膏药 发展历史 制法 去“火毒” 质量控制 探讨 |
| 英文关键词: black plaster development history preparation method removing fire toxin quality control discussion |
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| 中文摘要: |
| [目的]通过探索黑膏药的发展历史、制作黑膏药的详细方法以及质量控制现状，为黑膏药的进一步开发利用提供参考。[方法]通过对黑膏药的发展历史，黑膏药制作中的前期准备工作，以及包括药料提取、去“火毒”、炼油下丹、烊化摊涂在内的制作具体过程，和黑膏药成分及质量控制研究等各方面进行探讨，对黑膏药整个制作流程的关键步骤进行总结。[结果]黑膏药是传统硬膏剂种类中最常用的一种，使用历史悠久，临床使用价值较大。黑膏药系以植物油炸取药料，去渣后在高温下与黄丹反应而成的铅硬膏。将黑膏药软化后涂抹于裱背材料上制作成贴敷皮肤的外用制剂，根据所含药物不同，具有活血、消肿、生肌、拔毒等功效，广泛适用于临床。另外，目前黑膏药的成分以及质量评价多以经验为主，缺乏定量控制指标，黑膏药全方位的质量控制标准亟需进一步确立。[结论]黑膏药是我国宝贵的传统文化遗产，需要加以保护和发扬。在黑膏药的研究开发过程中，需要以中医药理论为指导，对其制作工艺、膏体基质等进行改进，同时加强黑膏药的质量控制，使这种传统中药制剂能更好地发挥临床疗效。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| [Objective] To provide references for the further development and utilization of black plaster(BP)， through exploring the development history of BP， the detailed methods of making BP and the current status of quality control.[Methods] Through discussing the development history and the preparation in the production of BP， the specific process of making BP including extraction of medicinal materials， removing fire toxin， refining oil into pill and melting and spreading， as well as the research of BP composition and quality control， the key steps of the whole production process of BP were summarized.[Results] BP is a traditional Chinese medicine with a long history， and is one of the most commonly used traditional hard plasters， which has great clinical value. BP is a kind of diachylon， which is made from frying plants oil， removing residue and reacting with yellow lead at high temperature. After softening， BP is smeared on the back mounting material to make into external preparation for skin application. According to the different drugs contained， BP has the effect of promoting blood circulation， scattering stasis detumescence， promoting tissue regeneration and detoxifying. In addition， the current composition and quality evaluation of BP are mostly based on experience， lacking quantitative control indicators， and the comprehensive quality control standards of BP urgently need to be further established.[Conclusion] BP is a precious traditional cultural heritage of our country and needs to be protected and promoted. In the process of research and development of BP， taking the theory of traditional Chinese medicine as the guidance， the production process and base material of BP should be improved， and the quality control should be strengthened， so that this traditional Chinese medicine preparation can play a better clinical effect. |
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